 How much does 3G network cost to build?
Good source of information is to contract announcements and annual reports. Those usually tell how much money an operator will spend on infrastructure. In every country each carrier has to spend around same amount of money to build a same size 3G network, so if you see one of the operator's spending figures, all other operators use similar sums of money per subscriber.
Sometimes spending figures include services (planning, logistics, commissioning, integration, testing etc.), but almost never civil works on base station sites. Press reports claim that operators in Europe have spent around 650 euro per 3G subscriber for infrastructure + planning services + site civil works, this figure should drop to around 400 euros within couple of years.
Infrastructure cost are only small part of total network related cost and operators also have license fees, financing fees, cost of running the organization, sales and marketing costs etc RoHS Compliance Definition
The definition and aim of the RoHS directive is quite simple. The RoHS directive aims to restrict certain dangerous substances commonly used in electronic and electronic equipment. Any RoHS compliant component is tested for the presence of Lead (Pb), Cadmium (Cd), Mercury (Hg), Hexavalent chromium (Hex-Cr), Polybrominated biphenyls (PBB), and Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE). For Cadmium and Hexavalent chromium, there must be less than 0.01% of the substance by weight at raw homogeneous materials level. For Lead, PBB, and PBDE, there must be no more than 0.1% of the material, when calculated by weight at raw homogeneous materials. Any RoHS compliant component must have 100 ppm or less of mercury and the mercury must not have been intentionally added to the component. In the EU, some military and medical equipment are exempt from RoHS compliance.
Sometimes spending figures include services (planning, logistics, commissioning, integration, testing etc.), but almost never civil works on base station sites. Press reports claim that operators in Europe have spent around 650 euro per 3G subscriber for infrastructure + planning services + site civil works, this figure should drop to around 400 euros within couple of years.
Infrastructure cost are only small part of total network related cost and operators also have license fees, financing fees, cost of running the organization, sales and marketing costs etc
The countries requiring products to bear CE Marking.
There have total 30 (15+10+2+3) countries are currently requiring products to bear CE Marking.
Before May 1, 2004 these were the 15 European Union (EU) member countries: Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxemburg, the Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Sweden and United Kingdom (Great Britain) plus the European Free Trade Association - EFTA's 3 member states: Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway.
Since May 1, 2004, the following 10 new member states joined the EU, which also adopted the CE-Marking requirements:
Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary, Slovenia, Malta, and Cyprus.
Four countries in EFTA except Switzerland:
Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway
Since January 1, 2007, Bulgaria and Romania joined the EU and adopted the CE-Marking requirements
What are 1G, 2G, 2.5G, 3G and 4G?
Technically generations are defined:
1G networks (NMT, C-Nets, AMPS, and TACS) are considered to be the first analog cellular systems, which started early 1980s. There were radio telephone systems even before that.
2G networks (GSM, CDMA One, DAMPS) are the first digital cellular systems launched early 1990s.
2.5G networks (GPRS, cdma2000 1x) are the enhanced versions of 2G networks with data rates up to about 144kbit/s.
3G networks (UMTS FDD and TDD, cdma2000 1x EVDO, cdma2000 3x, TD-SCDMA, Arib WCDMA, EDGE, IMT-2000 DECT) are the latest cellular networks that have data rates 384kbit/s and more.
4G is mainly a marketing buzzword at the moment. Some basic 4G research is being done, but no frequencies have been allocated. The Forth Generation could be ready for implementation around 2012.
financing fees, cost of running the organization, sales and marketing costs etc
What is digital signage?
Simply put, digital signage is the natural evolution of the sign. For example, instead of making a poster to promote a service that your company performs, you'd display it on a digital display. (LCD, Plasma, Computer Monitor, etc..)
You may be thinking that digital signage sounds complicated. It isn't. There are five pieces to the digital signage puzzle.
- Content Creation
- Management
- Players
- Network
- Displays
The following is a break down of each piece.
Content Creation
Most digital signage has creation software. This is where you put all of your assets together into what'll become the image displayed on your digital sign. Assets are digital pictures taken with a digital camera, stock images available on the Internet or an image you create from scratch. Assets also include the message that you want conveyed. This will most likely be text formatted to go with the image. Normally you can put the video file, photo and music files for your advertising contents.
Management
Content needs to be managed. In most digital signage solutions, there's management software for this job. Think of the management software as a traffic cop in the middle of an intersection. It directs the traffic of the content from the creation software to the digital signs. This includes, checking the status of the digital signage players, showing what is currently being played, scheduling content to be displayed at certain times of the day and triggering of emergency alerts. Say you want to display breakfast information in the morning, but you want your digital signs to switch to lunch information without having to do it manually. You can schedule your digital signs to display the breakfast information from, say, 6:30 am to 11:00 am and then display your lunch information until 4:00 pm, all without your intervention. Nothing to do or forget! The management software is the heart of your digital signage and is a powerful tool. If a basic digital signage solution is desired, management software that's properly configured can run in the background with
little to no intervention on the same computer as your content creation software.
Players
Players do just that-play content. The player is given content to play and a schedule from the management software. It will be told what to play, and when to play it.
Some players are big, some are small, some are PCs running software, and some are solid-state, meaning that they have no moving parts and usually run a non-PC operating system. Players are a big reason why there's so much confusion when selecting a digital signage solution. There are many options. Don't look for a company that just sells players or worse, just player software, but who is a solutions-based vendor. A solutions-based vendor will have the entire solution integrated into one package and will be able to help you every step of the way. Just like Shining, supply the player itself embeds the network digital signage box, and the software to centralize manages the players and contents.
Network
"Network" is a fancy word for saying "all connected players". Generally speaking, you would connect your content creation and management computers to a network hub. The network hub would then have CAT5 cables running from it to all of the players. The digital sign showing the breakfast promotion can be the only sign on the network, or it can be one of many. In a simple installation, your existing house network would double as your digital signage network. Also, Shining supply the different solution to get the network, There have with wired one (connect with RJ45 by cables), WIFI and 3G. Different solution can easily help to settle down the advertisement.
Displays
Displays can be anything from an LCD or Plasma to a Computer Monitor or Projector. Any display with an HDMI, DVI or VGA input will do. LCD displays have been the display of choice. When looking for a good display, there are a few things to look for.
First, consider a commercial or industrial as opposed to a consumer quality display. You will not find these at your local mega-store. Industrial displays will last much longer and will have features like an RS-232 connection. RS-232 enables your player to control the screen. This is only important if your player supports this function. Before making your purchase, make sure that your player can play at the native resolution of your display to ensure there is no scaling or distortion on the screen. This is where a solutions-based vendor will be helpful.
Conclusion
Even though the descriptions above are a basic look into the vast world of digital signage, we feel that learning the fancy words isn't going to help you make the right decision, the right knowledge about digital signage will. 
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